Africa continues to be underrepresented on the global stage, especially when it comes to aviation and economic progress. Although the continent makes up about 18% of the world’s population, it accounted for just 2.9% of global airline passengers in 2023. In stark contrast, Europe and the Middle East captured 26% and 46%, respectively. The same imbalance applies to air cargo, with Africa’s contribution being just a small fraction of the global total.
To turn this around, two crucial steps must be taken. First, Africa needs to significantly expand its aviation infrastructure—this means scaling up airports, airlines, and operators to meet rising demand. Second, there must be stronger collaboration across the aviation sector to build a more integrated and efficient ecosystem. A well-connected system that focuses on customer needs will unlock broader economic benefits.
The Aviation Benefits Beyond Borders report, published annually by the Air Transport Action Group, shows just how vital aviation is to global economies. It also highlights how African governments must take aviation more seriously as a potential driver of economic growth. Currently, the aviation industry adds around $75 billion to Africa’s GDP—a far cry from the $290 billion contribution in the Middle East.
One of the clearest issues is the fragmented nature of Africa’s aviation sector. The continent hosts over 196 commercial airlines, more than North America, Latin America, or the Middle East—despite handling less than 3% of global air traffic. Consolidation is long overdue. Streamlining these numerous airlines into stronger, regional or pan-African carriers could dramatically boost efficiency and competitiveness. Other continents have already taken this route—Africa is lagging behind.
Equally important is the need for collaboration among key industry players. In Kenya, for example, there must be tighter coordination between Kenya Airways and the Kenya Airports Authority. Globally, successful aviation markets show that airports and airlines must work hand-in-hand to thrive. Kenya’s main airport, Jomo Kenyatta International (JKIA), and its national airline must grow together—one cannot succeed without the other. This partnership model has fueled success in hubs like Singapore, Dubai, and major cities across North America and Europe.
Lastly, governments need to adopt policies that prioritize aviation as a strategic economic sector. Too often, aviation is viewed as important but not essential. This overlooks its proven role as a powerful engine for development, trade, tourism, and connectivity.
If Kenya and the broader continent want to unlock new levels of growth, the aviation industry must be recognized not just as a means of transport—but as a pillar of economic transformation.
– Allan Kilavuka, Group Managing Director & CEO, Kenya Airways
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